Misuse of Antibiotics and the Effect

There were different views on the uses of antibiotics there confirms that addressed only when necessary and others consume them at random. With this and that, should consult a doctor before eating because the optimal use by following the instructions sound medical lead to positive results and effective. However, if misused, can lead to serious damage does not mean consequences. On this subject met «Clinic» pharmacist assistant pharmaceutical-Attiya, Secretary General of Kuwait to determine the background of these matters of concern to human form and content. The following is the text of the interview:

Do you play an important role of antibiotics in the treatment of many diseases? Yes, antibiotics play an important role in the treatment of many diseases, a double-edged sword, which was used to optimize the use by following the doctor’s instructions and directives of the pharmacist had a positive impact and effective, although it used a random manner and have been misused, can lead to serious damage may kill the patient. It is widely believed that antibiotics could cure any infection, so you find many patients insist on the doctor or pharmacist to dispense the antibiotic for the treatment of their illness and then prescribed an antibiotic to satisfy them rather than to advise them and make them aware of the dangers that may result from abuse, or be ineffective if suffering from a viral infection, antibiotics do not affect the Karashh and influenza.

How can I find a type of bacteria causing the disease? A specialist doctor who has the ability to know what type of bacteria causing the disease, symptoms of the disease through the phenomenon of the patient (clinical route) or by taking a sample of the patient and blood or urine and transplants to know what type of bacteria causing the disease (laboratory methods) and on the diagnosis of the disease has been dispensing course.

In some types of bacteria that have acquired immunity to the antibiotic given to the large manual is being examined and the effectiveness of the immune antibiotic against the bacteria, and for this purpose grown bacteria derived from the patient on a farm of their own disks with different colors, each bar is a certain type of antibiotics and after leaving the farm for a certain period We note the existence of a transparent halo free of bacteria on each disk, and the most effective antibiotic on the bacteria that is composed transparent halo around the larger.

What about antibiotics? In the present era there is more than two hundred type of antibiotics, and each type of multiple names vary according to the manufacturer of the drug is manufactured in the form of tablets or capsules, injections and some in the form of powders or ointments or creams, skin or eye drops for the ear or to other formats . Different types of antibiotics according to their impact on the bacteria, it is the drugs to be effective mainly on gram-positive bacteria, including what would have been against Gram-negative bacteria, while others are effective against types, including those which kills bacteria and prevents their growth.

How to choose a doctor antibiotic appropriate for the patient? The doctor chooses an antibiotic appropriate for the patient and Dosage for appropriate medical and shape based on several factors, including:

Clinical diagnosis and laboratory: in order to know what type of bacteria species, and to know the antibiotic course.

Antibiotic prescriptions, you must learn the qualities of the selected counter in terms of:

Concentration in the body that may be counter-effective against certain bacteria, but its concentration in the body does not go far enough, and therefore do not get the desired result.

Raised by way of the body: for example, if the body gets rid of the drug quickly, it requires to give him more frequently.

Drug toxicity and side effects: it should be a balance between damage and utility of the drug to the patient, if the swing beneficial to damage there is nothing wrong cashed for the patient.

The cost of medicine: some antibiotics and high cost alternatives are cheaper and equal in influence and sometimes may be outweighed by therapeutically.

Factors related to the patient, including:

Age, sex and weight.

Case of members of the body, particularly the kidney and liver.

The case of the immune system of the patient and the risk of allergic reactions resulting from the use of certain antibiotics.

The severity of infection.

If the patient is pregnant or Mrda.

If the patient is suffering from other diseases or deals with other medicines.

Usually preferred rate of one antibiotic to the judiciary to eliminate the bacteria, and for several reasons, including:

Prevention of bacterial resistance to many types of antibiotics.

Reduce the side effects that may result from the use of more than one type of antibiotics.

Reduce the cost.

In certain cases, give the patient requires more than a counter, for reasons including:

Increase the effectiveness of the drug in the eradication of bacteria.

Reduce the side effects of some types of antibiotics.

Reduce the dosage of the drug.

Cases of severe infections that threaten the life of the patient.

Do most drugs have side effects? Yes, most drugs abused by the patient cause unwanted side effects, some have mild symptoms do not constitute a danger to the patient and some of which may threaten his life. And antibiotics like other drugs may result from the use of side effects may be mild but may be severe and that for various reasons, including what is happening because of the nature of the human body, or because of the characteristics of medicine, or due to increased drug dose is described, or sometimes when you use another drug or with address certain foods or lack of proper diagnosis or other reasons.

What is the most side effects of antibiotics commonly used?
 The most common side effects of antibiotics commonly used: Sensitive to the appearance of antibodies in some patients when dealing with the quality of antibiotics, especially penicillin group, and the degree of risk varies from person to person, some are low-risk, such as diarrhea, vomiting, light-light burning in the stomach or skin rash, and Hersh, and others are more serious, such as severe diarrhea or difficulty breathing, and in this case the patient must immediately stop taking the medication and contact your doctor wizard.

May cause some types of antibiotics, especially wide-ranging - in the killing of beneficial bacteria in the intestine due to a failure to follow medical instructions and the use of medication for a long time, making it easier Bowel attacks harmful bacteria leading to new infections difficult to treat.

Some antibiotics can cross the placental barrier and reaches the fetus causing serious side effects on the fetus, especially in the first three months of pregnancy, as well as some antibiotics may affect the baby through breast milk.

Are there certain medications affect the antibiotics and influenced by them? Yes, there are some medicines that affect the antibiotics and are affected by whether she took with her at the same time, and examples include the following: Most of the antibiotics affect the effectiveness of the pill, if taken at the same time, leading to the possibility of pregnancy, so women use the tool other contraceptive treatment after consulting a doctor. Most antibiotics interfere with each other in the same time.

So when you take antibiotics with other drugs should tell your doctor or pharmacist so, because the patient is taking more than one drug at the same time may increase the effectiveness or impact of one drug on another drug, leading to serious side effects, and may cause to revoke or reduce the effectiveness of medicine the other may lead to use more than medicine to the production of another compound that has adverse effects for the original drug.

Is the abuse of antibiotics leads to bacteria acquire immunity? May acquire bacteria resistant to antibiotics as a result of misuse, when the excessive consumption of antibiotics or when given in doses is not appropriate, given the extent required or at irregular intervals between doses, or gives a short but adequate treatment. One of the reasons as well as inappropriate use of antibiotics in situations that do not need to be addressed, but self-healing, and immunity of bacteria to antibiotics may be normal, as it creates bacteria and have the ability to resist certain types of antibiotics, or all, of these bacteria have acquired HIV in different ways.

Is there no drugs that can transcend all these problems? Because of the effect of bacterial resistance to antibiotics Scientists are developing new drugs able to overcome those problems, and that the findings of the research group of scientists from a new type of smart drugs that could be an alternative to antibiotics and help to resolve the resistance of bacteria to drugs. Those scholars design rule, which is part peptide is produced by plants and animals for resistance to infection, which has characteristics similar to antibiotics, the Albeptid holes in the work of the cell membrane of bacteria leading to her death. One of the characteristics of this new approach in therapy is that the bacteria did not recognize the installation by making it difficult for antibiotic resistance.

What to do if the patient felt the side effects is not normal? When the patient’s sense of the unusual side effects after taking the vaccine must tell your doctor or pharmacist immediately, and not neglect the fact that some effects may be dangerous to the health of the patient, the patient to make sure the expiry date of the antibiotic anti-handled after the expiry date is a serious risk to the patient’s health, For example, drugs tetracycline turn after expiration to a toxic substance caused serious injuries in college, it is necessary for pregnant or breastfeeding at the rate of antibiotic, pharmaceutical, tell the doctor about it, so not offering her baby or her injury, when the exchange counter in the form of capsules must be ingested whole and not to open the contents or chewed, because this affects drug absorption and its effectiveness. Most antibiotics prescribed for children be in the form of syrup or powder added to water to be ready to drink, such drugs should be kept in the fridge with a note that expired no more than two weeks.

Job alerts

The patient not to insist on the treating physician or pharmacist for the disbursement of the antibiotic because antibiotics are used only in the case of bacterial infections only, and frequent use have seriously damaged the health of the patient.

You should listen carefully to the instructions or alerts provided by your doctor or pharmacist when you exchange the antibiotic, and make sure of how to take the medicine and how often and how long and whether taken before or after eating .. And other instructions.

The patient must complete the specified period of treatment, and should not stop taking medication when the situation improved Hooray, because that will lead to the emergence of bacteria has once again acquired immunity to the vaccine are not impacted by the future leading to the difficulty of treatment.

Better for the patient which addresses the antibiotic not jeopardize his skin to the sun.

When there is a precedent of the sensitivity of an antibiotic the patient must tell your doctor or pharmacist so, and should be examined for the sensitivity of this counter by the abuse, you should not give antibiotics to anyone other than the patient, because this drug is effective against certain bacteria and in a special case , and may not be appropriate for the case of another patient.